Genomics of next generation sequencing in pediatric B-acute lymphoblastic leukemia and its impact on minimal residual disease / 中华儿科杂志

Objective: To describe the gene mutation profile of newly diagnosed pediatric B-acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) and analyze its effect on minimal residual disease (MRD). Methods: A total of 506 newly diagnosed B-ALL children treated in Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences from September 2018 to July 2021 were enrolled in this retrospective cohort study. The enrolled children were divided into MRD ≥1.00% group and <1.00% group according to MRD results on the 19th day since chemotherapy, and MRD ≥0.01% group and <0.01% group according to MRD results on the 46th day. Clinical characteristics and gene mutations of two groups were compared. Comparisons between groups were performed with chi-square test or Fisher's exact test. Independent risk factors of MRD results on the 19th day and the 46th day were analyzed by Logistic regression model. Results: Among all 506 patients, there were 318 males and 188 females. On the 19th day, there were 114 patients in the MRD ≥1.00% group and 392 patients in the MRD <1.00% group. On the 46th day, there were 76 patients in the MRD ≥0.01% group and 430 patients in the MRD <0.01% group. A total of 187 gene mutations were detected in 487 (96.2%) of 506 children. The most common gene mutations were signal transduction-related KRAS gene mutations in 111 cases (22.8%) and NRAS gene mutations in 99 cases (20.3%). Multivariate analysis showed that PTPN11 (OR=1.92, 95%CI 1.00-3.63), KMT2A (OR=3.51, 95%CI 1.07-11.50) gene mutations and TEL-AML1 (OR=0.48, 95%CI 0.27-0.87), BCR-ABL1 (OR=0.27, 95%CI 0.08-0.92) fusion genes and age >10 years (OR=1.91, 95%CI 1.12-3.24) were independent influencing factors for MRD ≥1.00% on the 19th day. BCORL1 (OR=2.96, 95%CI 1.18-7.44), JAK2 (OR=2.99, 95%CI 1.07-8.42) and JAK3 (OR=4.83, 95%CI 1.50-15.60) gene mutations and TEL-AML1 (OR=0.43, 95%CI 0.21-0.87) fusion gene were independent influencing factors for MRD ≥0.01% on the 46th day. Conclusions: Children with B-ALL are prone to genetic mutations, with abnormalities in the RAS signaling pathway being the most common. Signal transduction related PTPN11, JAK2 and JAK3 gene mutations, epigenetic related KMT2A gene mutation and transcription factor related BCORL1 gene mutation are independent risk factors for MRD.

Comparison of the efficacy of transurethral columnar balloon dilation of prostate and transurethral bipolar plasmakinetic resection of prostate in the treatment of small volume (≤30 mL) benign prostatic hyperplasia / 现代泌尿外科杂志

【Objective】 To explore the efficacy of transurethral columnar balloon dilation of prostate (TUCBDP) and transurethral bipolar plasmakinetic resection of prostate (TUPKP) for patients with small volume (≤30 mL) benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and the effects on urinary control and sexual function. 【Methods】 Clinical data of BPH patients who underwent surgical treatment during Jun.2021 and Jan.2022 were reviewed. A total of 95 patients with prostate volume ≤30 mL and regular sexual life were selected as subjects, including 45 patients who received TUCBDP as the TUCBDP group and 50 patients who received TUPKP as the TUPKP group. The patients were followed up for 12 months, and the perioperative data and follow-up results were analyzed. 【Results】 The TUCBDP group had shorter operation time, less intraoperative blood loss, less postoperative hemoglobin loss and sodium concentration loss, shorter bladder irrigation time, lower pain score, shorter urinary tube indwelling time and shorter hospital stay than the TUPKP group (P0.05). The TUPKP group had worse ejaculation function score and ejaculation disturbance score after surgery (P0.05), and the two indexes were superior in the TUCBDP group than in the TUPKP group. The TUCBDP group had significantly lower complication rate than the TUPKP group (P<0.05). 【Conclusion】 TUCBDP is safe and effective in the treatment of small volume (≤30 mL) BPH, less trauma, less biochemical interference, less pain, fewer complications, and shorter course of disease. It has little effect on the ejaculation function and erectile function, and is more suitable for patients requiring retention of sexual function. It has a good application prospect in the treatment of small volume BPH.

Predictive value of preoperative albumin-to-alkaline phosphatase ratio for postoperative recurrence of limited penile cancer / 现代泌尿外科杂志

【Objective】 To investigate the relationship between preoperative albumin-to-alkaline phosphatase ratio (AAPR) and postoperative recurrence of localized penile cancer (T1-3N0M0). 【Methods】 Clinical data of patients with limited penile cancer admitted to our hospital during Jan.2012 and Jan.2017 were collected to compare the differences in age, body mass index (BMI), AAPR, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, tumor diameter, postoperative pathological grading and staging between the postoperative recurrence group and the non-recurrence group. 【Results】 The differences in AAPR(P=0.001), WHO/ISUP pathological grading(P=0.018), and pathological stage(P=0.012)between the recurrence and non-recurrence groups were statistically significant. Cox regression results showed that AAPR was an independent risk factor for recurrence (P=0.041). Survival curve results showed that patients in the high and low AAPR groups had an inverse relationship with recurrence-free survival (P=0.028). 【Conclusion】 Preoperative AAPR is an independent risk factor for recurrence after surgery for limited penile cancer and is associated with recurrence-free survival. As AAPR increases, the incidence of recurrence decreases and progression-free survival increases.

Variation of amniotic fluid γ-glutamyl transferase level at 19-23 +6 gestational weeks in normal pregnancies / 中华围产医学杂志

Objective:To detect the levels of γ-glutamyl transferase (GGT) in the amniotic fluid of normal pregnancies at 19-23 +6 gestational weeks and to analyze the changes in GGT level with gestational age. Methods:This study retrospectively collected the amniotic fluid supernatant from 383 singleton pregnant women (102, 103, 82, 68 and 28 cases at 19-19 +6, 20-20 +6, 21-21 +6, 22-22 +6, 23-23 +6 weeks of gestation, respectively) who underwent amniocentesis for prenatal diagnosis but had normal genetic diagnosis results in Cheeloo Hospital of Shandong University from January 2021 to September 2022. The levels of GGT in the amniotic fluid supernatant were tested and the statistical parameters including xˉ± s, min-max, median ( M), P1, P2.5, P5, P95, P97.5 and P99 values of GGT levels at each gestational week were calculated. GGT were non-normal data and converted into natural logarithms (lnGGT), and a least square linear regression equation was established to analyze the relationship between lnGGT and gestational week. Results:At 19-19 +6, 20-20 +6, 21-21 +6, 22-22 +6, and 23-23 +6 gestational weeks, the xˉ± s of amniotic fluid GGT were (385.8±235.7), (331.8±219.4), (253.7±197.9), (226.7±166.4), and (155.3±96.8) U/L, and the weekly declines were 14.0%, 23.5%, 10.6%, and 31.5%, respectively; the M values were 311.0, 288.0, 199.0, 160.5, and 105.5 U/L, and the weekly declines were 7.4%, 30.9%, 19.3%, and 34.3%, respectively; the P1- P99 were 67.1-1 404.5, 63.2-1 189.1, 36.0-849.8, 44.0-787.3, and 32.0-375.6 U/L, respectively. lnGGT was negatively correlated with gestational age ( R 2=0.148, P<0.001). Conclusions:In normal pregnancies at 19-23 +6 gestational weeks, GGT levels in amniotic fluid decrease with gestational age. Therefore, gestational age should be considered when establishing the reference value for amniotic fluid GGT in normal pregnancies.

Application of humanistic care concept in patients undergoing radical cystectomy and urinary diversion / 中华泌尿外科杂志

Objective To explore the effect of applying humanistic care concept in patients that were performed radical cystectomy and urinary diversion.Methods Eighty-eight patients undergoing radical cystectomy and urinary diversion in our hospital from January 2011 to May 2016 were selected.All patients were randomly divided into experiment group and control group.Of them,control group was given routine nursing care.Experiment group was administered humanistic care pattern-based nursing measures.Self-evaluation on social function was conducted in both groups 1,3 and 6 months after surgery,and the results were compared between two groups.All evaluation indexes were expressed as differences in all scales at various stages.Results Willingness score of ostomy self-nursing and score of ostomy nursing skill in experiment group upon discharge to 1 month after discharge,1 to 3 months after discharge,and 3 to 6 months after discharge,respectively,which were better than those in control group.Differences were of statistical significance(P<0.05).Anxiety score and depression score in experiment group at those three periods,respectively,were better than those in control group(P<0.05).Evaluation score of self-nursing ability in experiment group at those three periods,respectively,were better than those in control group(P<0.05).Score of quality of life in experiment group at those three periods were better than those in control group.All differences were of statistical significance(P <0.05).Judging from the point of view of incidence of complications 6 months after surgery,10 and 23 cases in experiment and control groups developed complications,respectively(P <0.05).Conclusions Applying humanistic care concept in clinical nursing contributes to effectively improving the postoperative recovery of social function in patients and enhancing their quality of life.It shows high application value in clinical practice.

Protective effect of luteolin-7-O-β-D-glucuronide against oxygenglucose deprivation-induced H9C2 cardiomyocytes injury / 中国药理学与毒理学杂志

OBJECTIVE To investigate the protective effect and mechanisms of luteolin-7-O-β-d-glucuronide (LGU) on oxygen glucose deprivation (OGD)-induced H9C2 cardiomyocytes injury. METH-ODS The protective effect of LGU on OGD-induced H9C2 cardiomyocytes death were investigated by MTT assay. The microfilament change of H9C2 cardiomyocytes was detected by phalloidin staining and the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage rate was also detected by LDH kit. In order to explore the possible mechanisms of LGU, ATP content, intracellular Ca2+fluorescent intensity and concentra-tion, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP)and the expressions of apoptosis-related proteins were detected by ATP kit,CLSM(Fluo-3/AM probe),Ca2+kit,CLSM(JC-1 probe)and western blotting meth-od, respectively. RESULTS The inhibition of H9C2 cardiomyocyte survival rate inducedby OGD was improvedby pretreated with LGU in a concentrationdependent manner. The microfilaments injury as well as the increase of LDH leakage rate were also improvedby pretreated with LGU.The ATP content was significantly decreased,intracellular Ca2+fluorescent intensity and concentration were significantly increased and the MMP was significantly decreased 4 hafter OGD. LGU significantly reversed the de-crease of intracellular ATP content,the increase of Ca2+fluorescent intensity and concentration and the decrease of MMP.The release of cytochrome C,the expressionsof caspase-9 and caspase-3 in H9C2 cardiomyocytes were increased 16 h after OGD.LGUsignificantly inhibited the changes of these apop-tosis-related proteins. CONCLUSION LGU has a significant protective effect against OGD-induced H9C2 cardiomyocytes injury through inhibiting calcium overload,increasing ATP content,improving mi-tochondrial function and inhibiting apoptosis.

Zuogui pill regulates DKK1 in the prevention and treatment of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: Chinese medicine is effective for preventing and treating glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis, however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. DKK1, an inhibitor of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, can be up-regulated by glucocorticoid. Thereafter, DKK1 is an important target in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. OBJECTIVE: To explore the regulatory effect of Zuogui pill on DKK1 in the prevention and treatment of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis. METHODS: Eighteen three-month-old female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups: control group, model group and Zuogui pill group. Rats in the model and Zuogui pill groups received the subcutaneous injection of dexamethasone to establish the model of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis. The Zuogui pill group rats were administrated Zuogui pill extracts, and the control rats were given the same volume of normal saline. At 1 month after modeling, the lumbar vertebrae were removed to test the bone mass and microstructures by micro-CT scanning. The biomechanical properties were detected by compression test. The mRNA expression levels of DKK1, Runx2 and CTSK were determined by Qpcr. The serum alkaline phosphatase activity was tested. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Compared with the control group, in the model group, the volumetric bone mineral density, trabecular bone volume fraction, trabecular number, and trabecular thickness were significantly decreased (P ＜ 0.05), the trabecular separation and structure model index were significantly increased (P ＜ 0.05). The serum alkaline phosphatase activity was on a decline. The mRNA expression level of DKK1 showed a significant up-regulation (P ＜ 0.05). The mRNA expression level of Runx2 showed a down-regulated trend while mRNA expression level of CTSK showed an up-regulated trend. Compared with the model group, the Zuogui pill group showed significantly enhanced volumetric bone mineral density, trabecular bone volume fraction, and trabecular number (P ＜ 0.05); the structure model index was significantly decreased (P ＜ 0.05); the trabecular separation was reduced; the serum alkaline phosphatase activity was enhanced; the mRNA expression level of DKK1 showed a significant down-regulation (P ＜ 0.05); the mRNA expression level of Runx2 showed an up-regulated trend while mRNA expression level of CTSK showed a down-regulated trend. The vertebral compressive strength in the Zuogui pill group was significantly higher than that in the model group (P＜0.05). In summary, Zuogui pill prevents and treats glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis possibly through the down-regulation of mRNA expression of DKK1.

Effect of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy With FOLFOX4 on Expressions of Ki-67, MMP-2 and Fas in Rectal Cancer / 胃肠病学

Background:Rectal cancer is a common malignant tumor of alimentary tract.It has been demonstrated that oxaliplatin-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy is effective for rectal cancer,however,its mechanism is not fully clarified.Aims:To explore the effect of neoadjuvant chemnotherapy with FOLFOX4 (folinic acid,fluorouracil,and oxaliplatin) on expressions of Ki-67,a proliferating cell-associated nuclear antigen,matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2),and Fas,a death receptor in cancerous tissue of patients with rectal cancer.Methods:A total of 104 cases of patients with histologically proven rectal cancer from Aug.2014 to Feb.2016 at Central Hospital of China National Petroleum Corporation were enrolled prospectively and randomly allocated into treatment group (n =58) and control group (n =46).Patients in treatment group finished 6 cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy with FOLFOX4 before surgery,and those in control group underwent surgery directly.Expressions of Ki-67,MMP-2 and Fas protein in cancerous tissue of surgical specimens were determined immunohistochemically.Results:Immunoreactivity of Ki-67 mainly located in the nucleus of rectal cancer cells,and those of MMP-2 and Fas mainly located in the cytoplasm.Expression rates of Ki-67 and MMP-2 were significantly lower in treatment group than in control group (41.4％ vs.80.4％,P ＜ 0.05;36.2％ vs.73.9％,P ＜ 0.05),while those of Fas was significantly higher in treatment group than in control group (62.1％ vs.32.6％,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions:The therapeutic effect of neoadjuvant chemotherapy with FOLFOX4 on rectal cancer might be associated with the inhibition of proliferative,invasive and metastatic capacities and induction of apoptosis in cancer cells.

Mutational analysis of RNA splicing machinery genes SF3B1, U2AF1 and SRSF2 in 118 patients with myelodysplastic syndromes and related diseases / 中华血液学杂志

Objective@#To investigate the incidence, molecular features and clinical significance of RNA splicing machinery genes mutation in myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and related diseases.@*Methods@#Mutational analysis of splicing factor 3B subunit 1 (SF3B1) (K700E) , U2 small nuclear RNA auxiliary factor 1 (U2AF1) (S34, Q157P) and serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 2 (SRSF2) (P95) in 118, de novo MDS and related diseases were separately performed by using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) followed by sequence analysis.@*Results@#Of 118 MDS patients, 76 males and 42 females, the median age was 53.5 (13-84) years old. 19.49% (23/118) had SF3B1 (K700E) mutation. As compared with those with wild type SF3B1, patients with SF3B1 K700E were of older[58 (32-78) years vs 51 (13-84) years, z=-1.981, P=0.048], lower HGB level[63 (40-95) g/L vs 77 (34-144) g/L, z=-3.192, P=0.001], higher platelet counts[121 (22-888) ×109/L vs 59 (6-1 561) ×109/L, z=-3.305, P=0.001], lower bone marrow blast cell counts[0.007 (0-0.122) vs 0.017 (0-0.268) , z=-2.885, P=0.004], higher ring sideroblasts percent [0 (0-64%) vs 0 (0-58%) , z=-4.664, P<0.001]. Of 105 MDS patients, 21.9% had U2AF1 (S34, Q157P) mutations. Of 107 MDS patients, 8 patients (7.48%) had SRSF2 (P95) mutations. Patients with SRSF2 mutations were older at diagnosis, the median age was 63 (50-84) years old, including 4 cases RAEB-1. The ratio of mutation was 14.29% (4/28) , and three patients transformed to AML. SF3B1 K700E and SRSF2 P95H mutations coexisted in 1 patient, and SF3B1 K700E and U2AF1 S34Y mutations were found concomitantly in 2 patients.@*Conclusion@#Only SF3B1 gene mutation was closely related to ring sideroblasts, it was the key to pathogenesis of MDS.

Research on improving memory impairment of blue lavender volatile oil / 中国中药杂志

In order to study the potential application value of lavender volatile oil (LVO), the chemical composition of the volatile oil of lavender was analyzed by GC-MS, and the mouse model of Alzheimer's disease (AD) was established. Additionally, the antioxidant enzymes activity of T-SOD, GSH-PX, CAT and MDA content were studied. Experimental results showed that 55 kinds of chemical constituents including terpene, terpene alcohol and ester compounds from LVO were identified, and the content of linalool and linalyl acetate was the highest, accounting for 49.71% of the total volatile oil. The ability of mouse platform memory was improved significantly. The levels of GSH-PX, CAT and T-SOD of mouse brain tissue in the treatment group were significantly higher than those in the model group (P<0.05). The level of MDA reached the maximum value in the model group, while there was no notable difference between the levels of MDA in the drug group and the normal group. The result indicated the significant oxidative activity of LVO, the possibility of induced oxidative stress reduction in neurons, and the reversal effect of memory acquired disorder.

Comparison of biomechanical properties by different posterior fixation methods with or without crosslink for fixing thoracolumbar fractures / 医用生物力学

Objective To compare the biomechanical differences in 3 posterior fixation methods with or without crosslink for treatment of thoracolumbar fractures, so as to find the optimal posterior fixation methods. Methods On the basis of the validated finite element model of T12-L2 segments to simulate L1 vertebra burst fracture, the superior 1/2 cortical bone of T12 segment was removed and the superior 1/2 cancellous bone was assigned with the material damage property of cancellous bone. Then 6 thoracolumbar fracture models by intermediate unilateral pedicle screw fixation without or with crosslink (Model A1, A2), traditional short-segment pedicle screw fixation without or with crosslink (Model B1, B2), intermediate bilateral pedicle screw fixation without or with crosslink (Model C1,C2) were established, respectively. The range of motion (ROM) as well as the maximum Von Mises stress of the pedicle screw and rod for 6 models under various physiological loading conditions were compared. Results The ROM under flexion-extension and lateral bending in Model A and Model C was obviously smaller than that of Model B. Under flexion-extension, no significant difference was found in ROM between Model A and Model C; under lateral bending, the ROM of Model C was smaller than that of Model A. The stress was concentrated in the root of upper screw and the rob located between upper screw and intermediate screw; the maximum stress of upper screw in Model C was smaller than that in Model A and Model B. The crosslink could increase the stability of all fixation groups under axial rotation stress condition, and decrease the maximum stress on upper screw and rod under axial rotation stress condition, but no significant difference was found under flexion-extension and lateral bending. Conclusions Additional pedicle screws at the level of fracture vertebra can achieve the better biochemical stability. The additional crosslink not only increases the torsional rigidity, but also decreases the maximum torsional stress of the screw and rod, which is a better choice as the treatment of thoracolumbar fractures.

Molecular Epidemiology of Staphylococcus aureus among Patients with Skin and Soft Tissue Infections in Two Chinese Hospitals / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Staphylococcus aureus is one of the predominant causes of skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs), but limited data were available regarding the characterization of S. aureus from SSTIs patients in Jiangsu Province in China. We aimed to investigate the molecular epidemiology of S. aureus among SSTIs patients in two hospitals of Jiangsu Province.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sixty-two patients with SSTIs from two Chinese hospitals in Jiangsu Province were enrolled in this study, and 62 S. aureus isolates were collected from February 2014 to January 2015. S. aureus isolates were characterized by antimicrobial susceptibility testing, toxin gene detection, and molecular typing with sequence type, Staphylococcus protein A gene type, accessory gene regulator (agr) group, and Staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec t ype.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Sixteen (25.8%) methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) isolates were detected, and there was no isolate found resistant to vancomycin, teicoplanin, sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim, and linezolid. The sei was the toxin gene most frequently found, and no lukS/F-PV-positive isolates were detected among the SSTIs' patients. Molecular analysis revealed that ST398 (10/62, 16.1%; 2 MRSA and 8 methicillin-susceptible S. aureus) to be the dominant clone, followed by ST5 (8/62, 12.9%) and ST7 (8/62, 12.9%).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The livestock ST398 was the most common clone among patients with S. aureus SSTIs in Jiangsu Province, China. Surveillance and further studies on the important livestock ST398 clone in human infections are necessarily requested.</p>

Analysis of pregnancy outcomes in 66 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze the outcomes of pregnancies in women with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and the risk factors affecting the outcomes.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The data of SLE patients with pregnancy admitted from October, 2006 and September, 2015 were analyzed for assessing the maternal and fetal outcomes and complications. Their risk factors affecting the outcomes of the pregnancies were analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The 66 SLE patients (69 pregnancies) had a mean age at SLE diagnosis of 22.9 ∓ 5.1 years with a mean duration of SLE of 4.1∓3.6 years before pregnancy. Forty-five (65.2%) of the patients received oral medication for SLE treatment during pregnancy, and 44 (63.8%) were treated with prednisone and 19 (27.5%) were treated with hydroxychloroquine. The highest SLEDAI score was 6.8∓7.4 during pregnancy. The patients with moderate-to-severe disease activity had a higher rate of fetal loss (12 [54.5%] vs 12 [25.5%]) with a significantly lower birth weight of the newborns than those with remittent or mild disease (2073.0∓ 778.7 vs 2817.8∓533.7 g, P<0.05). The patients with moderate-to-severe disease activity also had higher rates of new-onset SLE (9 [40.9%] vs 6 [12.8%]), hypertension (12 [54.5%] vs 3 [6.4%]), active lupus nephritis (22 [100%] vs 4 [8.5%]), pneumonia (5 [22.7%] vs 2 [4.3%]), and renal insufficiency (8 [36.4%] vs 2 [4.3%]) compared with patients with remittent and mild disease (P<0.05). Active lupus nephritis (OR=6.10,95%CI: 1.43-25.96) was a significant predictor of adverse outcomes of the pregnancies.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Fetal loss and maternal complications are common in patients with SLE in relation with the disease activity. Active lupus nephritis is a predictor for poor outcomes of pregnancies in SLE patients.</p>

Transurethral electrotomy combined with seminal vesiculoscopy ejaculatory duct dilatation in treating patients with Müllerian duct cyst / 中南大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of transurethral electrotomy combined with seminal vesiculoscopy ejaculatory duct dilatation in treating patients with Müllerian duct cyst. 
@*METHODS@#We retrospectively analyzed 12 infertile men due to Müllerian duct cyst between 2009 and 2012. They were diagnosed by semen analysis (including quantity of semen, pH and fructose), digital rectal examination, transrectal ultrasonography, magnetic resonance images and aspiration biopsy when necessary. All patients were treated by transurethral electrotomy combined with seminal vesiculoscopy ejaculatory duct dilatation and were followed up for 12 months. 
@*RESULTS@#A significant improvement of semen quality was achieved after surgery and the sperms could be seen. The patients' semen was analyzed for 3 times in 12 months and the results were normal. Semen volume and pure berries of the patients were increased after the operation compared with those before the operation (P<0.05). Spontaneous pregnancies were achieved in 3 patients 9-12 months after surgery. Four patients' seminal vesicle became smaller obviously.
@*CONCLUSION@#Transurethral electrotomy combined with seminal vesiculoscopy ejaculatory duct dilatation is effective and safe for the treatment of Müllerian duct cyst accompanied with ejaculatory duct obstruction.

Diagnostic value of enzyme-linked immunospot assay using CFP10/ESAT6 fusion protein as antigen in spinal tuberculosis / 中国医学科学院学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To establish a method of detecting spinal tuberculosis (TB) infection by enzyme-linked immunospot (ELlSPOT) assay and evaluate the value of CFP10/ESAT6 fusion protein for diagnosis of spinal TB.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Suspected spinal TB patients were prospectively recruited in two hospitals (First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University) from May 2012 to December 2013. Data on clinical characteristics of the patients and conventional laboratory results were collected. Compare and analyze the positive detection rate in spinal TB diagnosis by different methods including ELISPOT detection and conventional detection methods.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>47 patients with spinal TB had available biopsy or surgical specimens for histopathological examination and 41 specimens had pathological features consistent with a diagnosis of TB infection. Among the spinal TB patients and non-TB disease patients,the overall sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of the ELISPOT assay in spinal TB diagnosis were 82.7%,87.2%,89.6%, and 79.1%,respectively; the 4 indexes of the PPD skin test were 61.5%, 46.2%, 60.4%, and 47.4%, respectively;those of the antibody detection were 55.8%, 61.5%, 65.9%, and 51.1%. The positive rate of ELISPOT was significantly higher than those of PPD skin test and antibody detection test (82.7% vs. 61.5%, Χ² =5.786, P=0.016; 82.7% vs. 55.8%, Χ² =8.847, P=0.003), but not significantly different from the positive rate of pathological examination (82.7% vs. 87.2%, Χ² =0.396, P=0.529). Moderate agreement was found between pathological examination and the ELISPOT assay (87.2%, Κ=0.498, P=0.001).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>With high sensitivity and specificity, the ELISPOT assay using CFP10/ESAT6 fusion protein as antigen is an effective technique for auxiliary diagnosis of spinal TB.</p>

Construction of a recombinant plasmid of BC022687 and identification of its expression and localization in CHO cells / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To construct a mammalian expression plasmid of the BC022687 gene and investigate the expression and localization of the fusion protein in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The BC022687 coding sequence was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and subcloned into the pEGFP-C1 vector carrying the gene of green fluorescence protein (GFP). After the target region was sequenced, the recombinant plasmid was transfected into CHO cells, and its expression in the CHO cells was determined by Western blot. The localization of GFP-tagged BC022687 in the CHO cells was observed by laser scanning confocal microscopy.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>BC022687 was successfully cloned into the mammalian expression vector pEGFP-C1, with the restriction fragment length of 950 bp. The expression of the fusion protein was confirmed, with the relative molecular weight of 64 000. The GFP-tagged BC022687 protein was mainly localized in the cytoplasm, and also presented in the centrioles in the transfected CHO cells.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The successful construction of the plasmid expressing BC022687 in CHO cells has laid a foundation for further studies on the role of this protein in ciliogenesis.</p>

Diagnosis and treatment of 51 patients with pancreatic islet cell tumors / 中华肿瘤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the diagnosis and treatment of pancreatic islet cell tumors.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Fifty-one patients with islet cell tumors treated in our department from January 1991 to April 2011 were included in this study. The data of clinical features, diagnosis and treatment were retrospectively analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Among the 51 cases, 38 cases showed typical Whipple's triad, and the other 13 cases were non-functional islet cell tumors. In these 13 cases, 5 patients had no specific clinical symptoms, and 8 patients had abdominal distending pain. The positive rates of imaging were: B-ultrasound 43.1%, multi-slice spiral CT 69.8%; MRI 62.5%, endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) 64.7% (11/17), and intraoperative ultrasound (IOUS) 96.3%, the differences among them were statistically significant (P<0.05). All patients underwent surgical treatment. Postoperative pancreatic leakage happened in 6 cases. Finally all the patients recovered after effective external drainage, anti-infection treatment and nutritional support.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Intraoperative ultrasonography (IOUS) has a higher accuracy in the diagnosis of pancreatic islet cell tumors, compared with preoperative B-ultrasonography, CT, MRI, and endoscopic ultrasound (EUS). The most effective treatment of this disease is surgery.</p>

A cross-sectional study about the effects of residential exposure to power transmission line on human nervous system symptoms and hematology / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the possible effects on nervous system and health condition under the exposure to electromagnetic field.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Take the resident around the power transmission line as the objects and were divided into 3 groups by the distance from the power transmission line 20 m, 100 m and 500 m, respectively. Some living conditions and health conditions were recorded by face-to-face the questionnaire survey, and Hematological indices of each groups were examined including IgG, IgM, leukocyte formulae, erythrocyte, hemoglobin and platelet.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There was no significant difference in each group, according exposure of daily life, such as drinking and smoking (P > 0.05). Compared with the each distance groups, it was presented significant difference between the distance from the power transmission line and the incidence of headache or dizziness, insomnia and easy weary and so on (P < 0.05). In hematology aspect, with the horizontal distance from the power transmission line decreasing, PLT level of residents was reductive and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.001), whereas leukocyte formulae, erythrocyte, hemoglobin, IgG and IgM had no significant difference among each group (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Closely exposure to electromagnetic field may induce headache and so on and decrease the level of PLT.</p>

Development of microfluidic chip with adjustable concentration and pressure gradient for 3D cell culture / 医用生物力学

Objective To develop a microfluidic device with the adjustable concentration and pressure gradient for 3D cell culture in hydrogel and set up an in vitro model with the capability to closely simulate in vivo microenvironment for cell growth. Methods The microfluidic chip, with a middle channel for 3D cell culture and two side channels for delivering cell culture medium, was designed and fabricated using standard soft lithography and replica molding techniques. Its capability to generate concentration gradient, interstitial flow and image cell in situ was demonstrated. Results A simple microfluidic chip for 3D cell culture in hydrogel with the capability to generate the concentration and pressure gradient was obtained. At a flow rate of 2 μL•min-1 in each side channel, the concentration gradients remained constant after 3 h. The interstitial flow across the gel scaffold was generated by a 100 Pa pressure difference between two-side channels with the pressure gradient of 0.11 Pa/μm. Human adult dermal microvascular endothelial cells (HMVEC) were maintained in 3D culture with collagen type I and observed with confocal microscopy. Conclusions The microfluidic chip is simple and easy to operate and it can simulate the complicated microenvironment in vivo. The chip also allows the multiparameter control of microenvironment, facilitating the better understanding of interaction between cells and microenvironment.

Medium optimization for antagonistic Streptomyces S24 and its inhibition on Aspergillus flavus / 生物工程学报

Streptomyces S24 has broad spectrum against Aspergillus spp. in food and feed, such as Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger and Asperegillus alutacells. The objective of this study was to improve the production of antifungal substances produced by S24 and to test their inhibitory effects on Aspergillus flavus. By using one-factor-at-a-time experiment and orthogonal design method, we optimized the fermentation medium. The composition of an optimized medium for the production of antifungal substances contained (g/L): starch soluble, 10; Glucose, 40; yeast extract, 8; soybean powder, 24; KH2PO4 4; and CaCO3 0.8. As a result, the productivity of antifungal substances could reach to 10 235.45 microg/mL, and this value was 2.81 times higher than that of initial medium before optimization. Additionally, inhibitory effects of the products on Aspergillus flavus were analyzed. Antagonistic tests indicated that the antifungal substances greatly inhibited mycelium growth and spores germination of Aspergillus flavus. We observed through microscope that the mycelia grew abnormally, such as contorting, bulging, vacuole increasing and the cytoplasmic contents inside effusing and the spores appeared unusual, such as gathering, deforming, cytoplasmic contents inside effusing and fracturing.